HP-RT Real-time
Overview
HP-RT was a real-time operating system from HP for its HP 9000 740 VME instrumentation computers, released from 1993 to 1997 in six versions from 1.0 to 3.0.
It was sold as part of the HP-RT Developer's Kit
that included the 743rt and high performance 744rt VME computers.
HP-RT is derived from the real-time operating system LynxOS and was built as real-time operating system from scratch with native POSIX API and Unix features like protected address spaces, multiprocessing, and standard GUI.
Real-time scheduling is part of the kernel with response times under 200 µs, later improved to sub-100 µs for uses such as hospital system tied to a heart monitor, or a missile tracking system.
For programming, HP-RT supported dynamic shared libraries, ANSI C, Softbench (5.2), FORTRAN, ADA, C++ and PA-RISC assembly. From HP-RT 3.0, GUI-based debugging environment (DDErt) and Event Logging library (ELOG) were included. POSIX 1003.1, 1003.1b and POSIX 1003.4a draft 4 were supported.
On the software side, HP-RT supported fast file system, X and Motif clients, X11 SERVERrt, STREAMSrt (SVR 3.2), NFS, and others.
Software development required the HP-RT Development Environment, 740rt VME machines, like the 742rt, but also a dedicated HP 9000 700 host machine with HP-UX for compiling and linking. The software was then downloaded to the rt VME system.
HP 74x VME products were discontinued in 2002 as customers have migrated to new solutions and platforms more rapidly than anticipated
with end of support between 2003 and 2007.
This EOL included HP-RT as there were no follow-on HP PA-RISC products.
Systems support
HP-RT supported HP 9000 740 Series VME computers with rt suffix that were almost identical to their non-rt products.
| System | Processor | Speed | HP-RT versions |
|---|---|---|---|
| HP 9000 742rt | PA-7100 | 50 MHz | HP-RT 1.0 to 3.0 |
| HP 9000 743rt | PA-7100LC | 64 MHz | HP-RT 2.0 to 3.0 |
| V743rt Agilent | PA-7100LC | 100 MHz | HP-RT 2.1 to 3.0 |
| HP 9000 744rt | PA-7300LC | 132-165 MHz | HP-RT 3.0 |
Hardware support
HP-RT supported most of the on-board hardware and only few expansion boards and devices. Some of the hardware and I/O was first supported in the last HP-RT version 3.01.
- HP SCSI single-ended (SE) and some fast-wide differential (FWD) SCSI
- RS-232-C serial and parallel
- Ethernet
- PC Card (PCMCIA) type II and flashdisks
- VME controller for VMEbus devices
- HCRX-8 and HCRX-24 GSC and Visualize-EG
Releases
There were six released versions of HP-RT from 1.0 to 3.01 plus several minor patch releases like 2.11 that were not shipped to all customers. A pause in releases was between 2.1 (1995) and 3.0 (1997) when support had to be developed for HP-UX 9 and HP-UX 10 in the HP-RT developers kit.
From inception, HP-RT was compliant with POSIX 1003.1 (operating system programming interfaces) and POSIX 1003.4 and 4a drafts (real time extensions and threads).
HP-RT is split into two parts: The HP-RT kernel with low-level I/O drivers, a 10ms interrupt clock, access to hardware timers (1µs) and standard OS functions such as scheduling, multitasking, memory management, IPC and kernel services. The second part: HP-RT services contain optional higher-level functions such as NFS, TCP/IP, debuggers.
The HP-RT developers kits cost $9,995 at time of release. It seems HP-RT development and releasing was a bit in flux throughout the short(ish) timespan of commercial support and HP-RT ended soon after 744rt workstations and HP-UX 10.20 EOL.
HP-RT 3.0
HP-RT 3.00 was released as the last major version in January 1997. It added support for the PA-7300LC-based VME workstations 744rt/132L (no graphics yet) and updated the HP-RT operating system core significantly.
- POSIX.1b
- Dynamic shared libraries
- DDErt debugging and ELOG event logging
- Fast file system and NFS client caching
- Cron support
- Support for 40Mb flashdisk in PCMCIA
HP-RT 3.01 was the last version of HP-RT from October 1997 and added mostly hardware support, including for the 744rt/165L
- Visualize-EG graphics adapter
- SCSI fast-wide differential (FWD) support for A4268A adapter
- CD and SCSI floppy
- X11R6 Server
- Support for HP-UX 10.30
- PMC (PCI mezzanine) bridge board and expansion kit
HP-RT 2.0
The second HP-RT major release 2.0 was introduced in August 1994 and added support for HP 9000 743rt based on PA-7100LC processors. Besides hardware, HP-RT 2.0 added some features:
- FORTRAN (
not thread safe
) - STREAMSrt (whatever that was)
- Further performance improvements
- More
alignment with HP-UX
- BOOTP for network booting
HP-RT 2.1 was released in October 1995 and added more features and support for the (Agilent) V743rt VXI workstations with 32-bit PA-7100LC processors. The 743rt (and 742rt?) workstations were still supported.
- X11 SERVERrt graphical
- SNMPrt agent
- PCMCIA adapter support
- C++ (thread safe)
Generic driver
- Debugging improvements
HP-RT 2.2 was released in June 1996 with several functional enhancements:
- HCRX-8 and HCRX-24 GSC graphics adapters
- Administration tool ADMrt
- Compatibility with HP-UX 10.10
There might have been a HP-RT 2.21 that already supported 744rt/132L, the GSC second slot expansion kit and external SCSI drives and DDS tapes.
HP-RT 1.0
The first HP-RT version 1.0 was released in January 1993, it supported the 742rt VME-based workstation on PA-7100 processors.
Features of HP-RT 1.0 were:
- POSIX.1 support and draft POSIX.4 and .4a support
- TCP/IP networking
- Network file system NFS
- X and Motif, X-terminal support
- C/ANSI C and C++ (
not thread safe
)
HP-RT 1.1 was released in July 1993 and extended some HP-RT features:
- Performance enhancements of HP-RT (
system tuning
) - OTSrt (whatever that was)
Documentation
Almost all information on HP-RT has been gone from the internet for years.
Product features
- HP-RT Overview archive.org, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000: mirror accessed 2024)
- hp-rt overview & features archive.org, Hewlett-Packard Company (2002: mirror accessed January 2024)
- HP-RT Roadmap of Key Features archive.org, Hewlett-Packard Company (n.d.: mirror accessed January 2024)
- The HP-RT Real-Time Operating System (.pdf) Kevin D. Morgan (August 1993: Hewlett Packard Journal. Accessed Januar 2024) archive.org
- HP-RT Datasheet, Deterministic response time you can count on! archive.org, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000: mirror accessed 2024)
Websites
- HP VME product availability and support archive.org, Hewlett-Packard Company (2001: mirror accessed January 2024)
- HP-RT Release Model archive.org, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000: mirror accessed 2024)
- HP VME frequently asked questions archive.org, Hewlett-Packard Company (2001: mirror accessed January 2024)
- HP UPGRADES RT REAL-TIME SYSTEM, CBR Online Archive, March 19, 1997;
- Support Life Letter for HP-RT, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
- HP Real-Time Computer Automates Pharmaceutical Production, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
- HP’s real-time computing beats high-imaging speed, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
Manuals
- HP-RT Quick Reference HP-RT Manuals, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000, B5487-90009: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
- VME Backplane Networking Administration Guide HP-RT Manuals, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000, B5489-90001: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
- HP-RT Symbolic Debugger Users Guide HP-RT Manuals, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000, B5487-90004: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
- Using STREAMS in the HP-RT Environment HP-RT Manuals, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000, B5491-90001: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
- X11 SERVERrt Installation and Configuration Guide HP-RT Manuals, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000, B5493-90001: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
- HP-RT Reference Volume 1 HP-RT Manuals, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000, B5487-90005: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
- HP-RT Reference Volume 3 HP-RT Manuals, Hewlett-Packard Company (2000, B5487-90007: mirror accessed 2024) archive.org
